Death of the Moth Essay free essay sample

In the essay by Virginia Woolf the reader is led to see how Woolf feels about the life of an insignificant day moth. Through most of the essay, there are reasons to believe that Woolf is led to a sort of vendetta against the day moth, exhibiting hatred, jealously, enjoyment, an almost sarcastic sympathy over the struggles of the day moth, and being responsible for its death. As Woolf’s essay begins, the reader immediately picks up on Woolf’s feelings of hatred against the day moth. The second paragraph has Woolf thinking, â€Å"Watching him, it seemed as if a fiber, very thin but pure, of enormous energy of the world had been thrust into his frail and diminutive body† (Woolf 602), by that thought process it seems as if Woolf wants his efforts to be in vain. As the quote says, she just sat there watching the poor day moth struggle against the window, trying to escape. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of the Moth Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She could have just as easily opened the window to let the day moth free: however as I suggested, she hates the moth for even attempting something she could not, escaping into the free world. When the day moth started to slow down his efforts due to exhaustion, Woolf becomes satisfied and thrilled at the thought that the moth cannot succeed at its goal to leave, because she knows that if it did it would be free, unlike her. Misery loves company, and I believe even though it’s not another human who feels this pain but a moth instead, it feels just as satisfying to her. Suggesting from the passage, â€Å"I watched these futile attempts for a time without thinking† (Woolf 602), Woolf seems to have a desire to watch the day moth only when it tries to escape in vain, which makes the reader think why she would be so cold, with the answer being simply being gratification. Seeing the puny moth fail repeatedly made her feel good and secure, knowing she wasn’t alone in her â€Å"prison†. Finally the moth started to show the signs of death. That made Woolf seem kind, showing what seemed like sympathy. When she â€Å"stretched out a pencil, meaning to help him right himself† (Woolf 602), but she really only attempted to help the day moth so she could watch him fail at his attempts to escape, so she could feel more of the satisfaction of watching him fail at a plan that she could not even attempt to do. She wanted to go outside as much as the moth, but she knew it was inappropriate to try. The pencil she held symbolized sympathy but her thought process was the opposite. As death finally came the day moth grew stiff. It hit Woolf that â€Å"the struggle was over† (Woolf 602) and that her hatred was slightly unjustified. She felt that her â€Å"sympathies, of course, were all on the side of life† (Woolf 602), but it’s hard to believe after an entire essay full of hatred towards the moth. If she really felt that way, she may have helped the poor day moth escape into the world, open the window or catch it and bring it outside. There were so many ways she could have helped the day moth, and one could say that she was the reason for the day moth’s death to begin with as it did state in the essay that it flew from one corner to the next, possibly hitting the sides, also stating that its body was frail, so landing himself on the windowsill must have been a damaging feat for the poor day moth. All the examples I provided from the essay suggests the Woolf had a vendetta against this day moth, and in the end was happy that it failed. She took it a step further by not attempting to help the poor struggling day moth, in the end killing it with a seemingly non-guilty conscience. But no one should, as it was only a day moth, â€Å"hybrid creatures, neither gay like butterflies nor somber like their own species.

Legal Aspects of International Trade and Enterprise

Question: Describe about the Legal Aspects of International Trade and Enterprise. Answer: Introduction The multinational companies play a significant role in ensuring that they market their products to various regions and countries. They control the production of the commodities in different countries other than the home country. The management is very organized to ensure that all the operations run smoothly and the clients are served well. The branches are vital to cater for the customers and also increase the income generated. It is the duty of the managers to ensure that they undertake their responsibilities well for the success of the company. The headquarters of the corporation handles all the processes and the challenges affecting the branches. The management of every branch is required to report the progress of the organization from time to time to the headquarters. It ensures that there is good flow of communication and the challenges arising are addressed accordingly. The company is required to make sure it does go against the laws and regulations of a particular country. The y are expected to comply with the rules and also pay up taxes as stipulated by the law. The failure will lead to the ban of carrying out the business in the country by the court of law or else face heavy fines. The discussion outlines about the RioTinto multinational company. RioTinto The company is leading global mining group that is focused on finding, mining and the processing of various earths mineral resources. The primary goal of the institution is delivering strong and sustainable shareholder returns from the various projects that it undertakes. It deals with the operations that are expandable and of low cost throughout the lifecycle. The organization has a disciplined approach that is long term to ensure it serves its clients to the best. In addition to that, the corporation has over 55,000 strong workforces that help in the running of the operations in over forty countries. It is a powerful team that is highly committed in ensuring that all the tasks run smoothly (Birkinshaw, 2003). The extraction of the mineral resources is very risk and maximum safety measures are put in place to ensure the employees are safe at all times. The safety of the workers is the primary concern of the organization. The management also fosters a culture of innovation that ensur es the employees and other staff members are proud to achieve and learning new things from time to time. The RioTinto Company is headquartered in the United Kingdom and is comprised of the Rio Tinto plc that is in London and New York Stock Exchange listed corporation. The Rio Tinto Limited is also among the group and is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange. Moreover, it is highly represented in Australia and North America, and various enterprises in Asia, Europe, Africa and South America (Cullen Parboteeah, 2010). The global presence of the corporation makes it get more customers and therefore generating more income to run its activities. The expertise in technology and marketing strategies helps the business to supply the quality products at the required time. The organization businesses comprises of open pit and underground mines, mills, refineries, smelters and power stations that have a reliable hydropower portfolio (Heidenriech, 2012). In addition to that, it has various research and service facilities that help the professionals come up with conclusions regarding a particular entity. It also owns and operates various infrastructures that deliver the commodities to the clients such as the railways, ports and ships (Gabel Bruner, 2003). The corporation supplies metals and minerals that assist the world in its growth. The major products include aluminum, copper, diamonds, iron, gold, coal, uranium and industrial minerals such as titanium dioxide, salt and borates. The metals and minerals a re transformed to the end products that contribute to the high living standards and economic development. The fundamental infrastructures of the cities are aided by the iron ore that is mined by the organization. Moreover, it has helped in the creation of the smartphones through the provision of the copper and borates and the world gets connected. The other industries such as communication transport and many others rely on the metals and minerals produced and supplied by the Rio Tinto Company. On the other hand, it ensures the protection of the environment while undertaking its activities. It is important to preserve it so as to protect the lives of the people and other living organisms (Hitt et al, 2013). The vision of the organization is to be admired and be given the respect it deserves by delivering superior value. The operations it undertakes gives the opportunity to create mutual benefit with the regions and communities they operate in. The metals and minerals are transformed to products that help in improving the standards of living. It also faces various challenges such as resource scarcity, climate changes, economic development and community employment (Munck, 2004). The organization does it best to overcome the challenges and view them as opportunities for them to progress. The corporation strives to achieve the sustainable development goals by working with the partners and the society on the ground (Kaplan, 2008). Regulatory Frameworks Affecting Rio Tinto in Australia The multinational company Rio Tinto faces the challenge of the strict environmental Acts that were formed by the Australian government. The organization utilizes the natural resources that highly cause the environmental pollution. The impact that the company has on the environment has to be regulated by the laws stipulated by the government and it highly affects the production of the company (Ramburth et al, 2013). In addition to that, the protection of the environment operations Act 1997 governs the environment pollution extent in the state and all the companies must adhere to the rule and regulations. On the other hand, the POEO Acts comprise of the Clean Air Act 1961, Clean Water Act 1970, Pollution Control Act 1970, and Environmental Offenses and Penalties Act 1989. The corporations operating in Australia must adhere to the laws or else face big penalties for violating them. In other countries the environmental acts are not that strict and the companies operate smoothly without a ny complications. The corporations have to be conversant with the environmental laws for one to make more profits. The failure to follow the laws the company may face heavy penalties or lose their license to operate. It is major reason why the organizations that deal with the products that cause pollution to the environment avoid the state. The Rio Tinto Company has to limit its production that may cause environmental pollution or hence face penalties. The situation often affects the general income of the Rio Tinto organization due to the limitations of the government on environment issues (Rankin, 2011). In addition to that, the Australian government imposes high tax on the multinational corporation as high as thirty percent. The higher taxes tend to discourage the corporations from operating in the state. The imposed taxes have a great negative impact on the income generated by the company. They end up earning low profits as they have to pay up the taxes as required by the government. On the other hand, they are limited by the environmental acts and they cannot go against them or else face heavy penalties. They must ensure that their production of the products does not interfere with the set laws. It makes the situation hard for the company as some mining processes may end up polluting the environment and later face the full force of the law (Evers, 2013). It is the duty of the management of the company to comply with the set laws to ensure it runs it activities in the country smoothly. The Australian government ensures the protection of its environmental state so as to ensure the c itizens live in a favorable place. The people and the living organisms are vital to the country and the pollution of the environment they exist may pose danger to them. Therefore, every multinational company must follow the laws stipulated by the government for them to operate smoothly. It will be hard for them to earn profits if they fail to comply as heavy fines will be imposed on them. The restrictions in carrying out business make it difficult for them to expand and generate income due to their production of the products that mostly pollute the environment (Rankin, 2011). Treaties and Agreements Impacts on the Multinational Company There are various treaties and agreements that have been put in place by the government of Australia to govern the production of goods and services by the multinational companies. There is a treaty between Australia and United States government that allows the two nations to exchange the evidence and assist each others competition law enforcement activities. It ensures that the companies that engage in business in the countries cooperate with the existing ones. On the other hand, the agreement between Australia, Canada and New Zealand regarding consumers was put in place. It ensures that there is coordination and cooperation on the competition that takes place on the products and services supplied by various companies. Moreover, it ensures consumer protection, the exchange of information and also avoiding conflict (Heimert Ceteris, 2010). The organizations should not at any time misuse the privilege given to operate in any foreign country by delivering unfavorable products to the co nsumers. The corporations should offer favorable prices of the products and services they supply to the public. Their marketing strategies should be according to the laws set by the government. However, any violation of the law will lead to heavy penalties or ban in carrying out any business in the state. It is the duty of the management of the corporation to ensure it adheres to the agreements stipulated for their smooth running. The commodities they produce should be in accordance to the agreement set and treaties signed by various countries. The multinational companies should ensure that their pricing of the products and services is favorable to the people. They should also not be harmful to the health of the people and they should always meet the health standards (Enright et al, 2013). Conclusion In conclusion, the Rio Tinto Company has helped in the improvement of the living standards by providing various metals and minerals. On the other hand, they have provided employment to various individuals over a period of many years. Their commitment to their work has helped them be in the market for a long time. Moreover, they have produced quality products to the public and this makes them remain in the market. They have managed to open various branches in several countries so as to generate more income. The Australian regulatory frameworks have made the Rio Tinto face various challenges in their process. The environment acts restricts the pollution of the environment and any organization that does so faces heavy penalties. References Cullen, J. B., Parboteeah, P. (2010).International business: Strategy and the multinational company. New York: Routledge. Heidenreich, M. (2012).Innovation and institutional embeddedness of multinational companies. Cheltenham, U.K: Edward Elgar. Birkinshaw, J. M. (2003).Future of the multinational company. Chichester: John Wiley Sons. Ltd. Gabel, M., Bruner, H. (2003).Global Inc: An atlas of the multinational corporation. New York: New Press. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Hoskisson, R. E. (2013).Strategic management: Competitiveness globalization. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Munck, R. (2004).Labour and globalisation: Results and prospects. Liverpool: Liverpool Univ. Press. Ramburuth, P., Stringer, C., Serapio, M. (2013).Dynamics of International Business: Asia-Pacific Business Cases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kaplan, S. D. (2008).Fixing fragile states: A new paradigm for development. Westport, Conn: Praeger Security International. Evers, S. J. T. M. (2013).Contest for land in Madagascar: Environment, ancestors and development. Leiden [u.a.: Brill. Rankin, W. J. (2011).Minerals, metals and sustainability: Meeting future material needs. Collingwood, Vic: CSIRO Publishing. Enright, M. J., Petty, R. M., John Wiley Sons. (2013).Australia's competitiveness: From lucky country to competitive country. Singapore: John Wiley Sons. Heimert, A. M., Ceteris. (2010).Guide to international transfer law pricing: Law, tax planning and compliance strategies. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International.

The Way We Never Were Essays - The Adventures Of Ozzie And Harriet

The Way We Never Were Leave it to Beaver and Ozzie and Harriet: American Families in the 1950s I. The Ozzie and Harriet Family A. Conservatives say that families like the Nelsons are making a comeback and want to make public policy to protect traditional families and return 1950's definition of family. B. Liberals claim that fewer than 10% of all families meet this definition and believe that if they can prove this is on an irreversible slide toward extinction that they cannot justify introduce any new family policy. C. Both sides assume that if the 1950s family existed today we would not have our contemporary social dilemmas. D. The 1950s at first glance were a pro-family period. Many working class families moved into the suburbs and achieved the American Dream of a house and a car. Divorce and illegitimacy rates were half what they are today and the marriages were almost universally praised. Family and marriage were thought to be the center of life. II. The Novelty of the 1950s Family A. Families of the 1950s began marrying younger and bore children younger compared to previous generations. B. The nuclear family was a new concept. The Great Depression and Second World War had reinforced extended family ties but this was plagued with generational conflict. C. These new family trends for the first time in our history crossed all race and class boundaries. D. The growing tendency for women was to find, housework a medium of expression for...[their] feminity and individuality. Consumer spending increased and women especially purchased more household appliances. E. Hollywood and the media helped to reinforce these new values. III. 1950s Poverty, Diversity, and Social Change A. 25% of American Families were poor, and much of this included the elderly. This poverty was made worse because of the absence of social welfare problems. B. African Americans migrated from the south to the north. By 1960 a majority of all blacks lived in the north in urban areas as compared to the previous rural southern living. C. Mexicans and Puerto Ricans immigrated in large numbers after the war. Many moved to the north to such cities as Chicago and New York. D. The media didn't represent minorities on TV and they faced general oppression. IV. Repression, Anxiety, Unhappiness, and Conflict A. Women who were the backbone of the war effort were forced out of their jobs at the end of the war. Women who didn't want to give up the earning power and independence they had achieved were fired or demoted by management. B. The media condemned women as unnatural if they didn't fit the stereotypical housewife role. C. Electric shock treatment was even used to make sure women were housewives who obeyed their husband. D. Men who didn't marry were seen as deviants. E. The FBI investigated and persecuted those who did not fit the norm. F. Many people hid behind happy family lives to hide loveless marriages, homosexuality, and anti establishment views. G. The troubles of home life such as alcoholism, abuse, and rape were hidden to the outside world. V. Contradictions of the 1950s Family Boom A. Advertisers first started to target young adults and began to use sex to sell their products. B. Women began to work in great numbers for the first time for disposable income. C. Many of these women had their children early 20's so after the kids were in school they could get a job. VI. Teen Pregnancy A. Despite the myth of sexual purity, teen pregnancy was bad in the 1950's. Nearly twice as many 15-19 year olds in 1957 had children compared to 1983. B. Census codes in the 1950's made it impossible to identify an unmarried mother if she lived with her parents. Illegitimacy was also disguised by having unmarried mothers putting their children up for adoption. C. Young unmarried mothers were also encouraged to get married when they became pregnant. D. The burden of sexual purity was put onto the women and they where expected to go into marriage as virgins. VII. Women in Traditional Families A. When commentators lament the fall of traditional family values they often refer to women's changing genders roles such as being a mother and breadwinner.

History of the Anemometer Wind Vane

History of the Anemometer Wind Vane Wind velocity or speed is measured by a cup anemometer, an instrument with three or four small hollow metal hemispheres set so that they catch the wind and revolve about a vertical rod. An electrical device records the revolutions of the cups and calculates the wind velocity. The word anemometer comes from the Greek word for wind, anemos. Mechanical Anemometer In 1450, the Italian art architect Leon Battista Alberti invented the first mechanical anemometer. This instrument consisted of a disk placed perpendicular to the wind. It would rotate by the force of the wind, and by the angle of inclination of the disk the wind force momentary showed itself. The same type of anemometer was later re-invented by Englishman Robert Hooke who is often mistakenly considered the inventor of the first anemometer. The Mayans were also building wind towers (anemometers) at the same time as Hooke. Another reference credits Wolfius as re-inventing the anemometer in 1709. Hemispherical Cup Anemometer The hemispherical cup anemometer (still used today) was invented in 1846 by Irish researcher, John Thomas Romney Robinson and consisted of four hemispherical cups. The cups rotated horizontally with the wind and a combination of wheels recorded the number of revolutions in a given time. Want to build your own hemispherical cup anemometer Sonic Anemometer A sonic anemometer determines instantaneous wind speed and direction (turbulence) by measuring how ​much sound waves traveling between a pair of transducers are sped up or slowed down by the effect of the wind. The sonic anemometer was invented by geologist Dr. Andreas Pflitsch in 1994.

Philosophy Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Philosophy Ethics - Essay Example On the contrary, those with slave morality do make villains out of their masters and wish to make them slaves as well. Notably, master morality is associated with the powerful and the strong individuals, whereas slave morality represents the weak willed who are oppressed and abused, and they are expected to be submissive to their masters. However, both slave and master morality are expressive to will to power but differently in that, master morality â€Å"is the explicit recognition of the will to power whereas slave morality shows its will to power in the explicit denial of value of power† (Solomon 131). Accordingly, Nietzsche associate master morality with the nobles whereas slave morality with the herds. Nietzsche’s concept of master-slave morality provides an understanding of the conflicts between societies, and Nietzsche claims that master and slave morality have resulted to conflicts experienced in the society. He believes that there are always conflicts between t he slaves and their masters or a strong group versus a weak group of individuals in the society. Nietzsche’s works on the death of God reveals that he believed in a literal death of God. By declaring that God is dead, Nietzsche implies that people’s beliefs and need for God is dead, and with the death of God, human beings are looking for something to replace Him such as scepticism, nihilism, utilitarianism among others. The death of God signifies a break in the past and new non-metaphysical unity among others (Stauffer and Bettina 239); more so, Nietzsche’s argument about the death of God emphasizes the significance of losing faith. Arguably, the death of God signifies the decline of religion and the rise of atheism, therefore, Nietzsche claims that the absence of high moral authority would lead to chaos in the world. Nietzsche claims that the death of God signifies the reversal of nihilism (Stauffer and Bettina 239), and so he argues that the western world enti rely depends on the rule of God to give the society order and meaning to life and so His death would force the society to accept nihilism which he considers dangerous. Nietzsche argues that values are important for the wellbeing and existence of humans, and so by transformation of all values, Nietzsche meant that Christianity is not just a religion but also a predominant moral system of the western world. More so, Nietzsche states that Christianity elevates the weak over the strong; therefore, in the Antichrist, he condemns Christianity and calls for the revaluation of all values. Therefore, by transformation of all values, Nietzsche is addressing the Christians and those supporting Christianity. Q.2 The term gyn/ecology refers to the science of womankind as proposed by males (Daly 9); and according to Daly, gyn/ecology was an attempt to see through the deceptive and confusing patriarchal thinking about good and bad. More so, it focuses on the atrocities against women globally and i n all periods of patriarchy and shows that they are interconnected. In short, Daly’s work gyn/ecology  was concerned with the process of women’s becoming and the demotic obstacles to this process, the deceptive myths as well as the sadistic practices of patriarchal culture. Moreover, Daly explored the deadly myths that interfere with the minds of women and she recounts both the physical and psychological destruction of

How top managements vision can be translated into operational goals Essay

How top managements vision can be translated into operational goals and why this is important - Essay Example The paper tells that in order to benefit from the vision of their top managements, organizations should translate this vision into operational goals. This can be achieved by applying a lot of management practices that are very specific. One tool for ensuring this is done is a scorecard. According to Kaplan and Norton, a scorecard helps managers of a company to clarify their vision for the firm and translate it into measurable objectives and actions that can be understood by employees. This also includes objectives that will enable the organization to balance and respond to the concerns of its stakeholders. The conversion of the vision of top management into operational goals is important because if articulated with effective strategies that are properly executed, it can provide one important way through which an organization can control its destiny. From the developed objectives, the management will be able to develop specific, workable strategies to support these objectives. These s trategies will touch both on primary and secondary management practices, deal with strategy paradox and guide on responsible restructuring. The translation of this vision into specific objectives that are unambiguous to the employees means the employees of the organizations will be in position to align their actions and efforts toward the achievement of core objectives/business of the organization. Generally, it provides a list of operational measures that act as powerful drivers, good for future financial performance. References Kaplan, R. and Norton, D. (1996). The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action. (1st Ed). Havard. Harvard Business Review Press. An organization that has experienced a virtuous spiral and how it compares with the concepts presented in "Treat People Right" An example of an organization that has experienced a virtuous growth is Southwest Airlines and an examination of its situation shows a high correlation to the concepts presented in "Treat Peopl e Right". In this book, Lawler explains how individuals and organizations are interdependent in that they can propel each other into a virtuous spiral of success. He explains that organizations that value and reward their employees motivate them to perform better and this in turn pushes the organization to attain greater levels of accomplishments in agreement with Helge (2006). There is an adequate implementation of the 7 principles outlined in Treating People Right in Southwest Airlines and the company has achieved impressive results because of this. Lawler (2004) explains that the company is a people focused organization that always seeks quality relationship with its employees and identifies its people as its competitive advantage. The Airline has placed an emphasis on careful selection of employees, developing a work environment that is employee-friendly, giving employees the autonomy to control their work and jobs, stock ownership and profit sharing for all employees, and provi ding them with opportunities for growth, development and advancement within the organization. The outcome of this has been excellent customer service which is important for airlines because it influences the attitude of customers toward the company. It has also led to the elimination of the hostile labor relationship common in all other major airlines. Despite being highly unionized, the Airline has never had a strike and this has improved its image in the market. It is mentioned both by employees and customers as one of the best workplaces. References Helge, D. (2006). â€Å"Employee Motivation, Engagement & Retention - Use Corporate Culture to Overcome Negativity.†

The Importance Of Organizational Structure Management Essay

The Importance Of Organizational Structure Management Essay Every company has its own organization structure. Organizational structure can be described as the systematical process of delegating power and authority among the employers. Besides, organizational structure also involves in how a business is organized to achieve their specific goals. Organization structure can be defined as the pattern of relationship among positions in the organization and members of the organization. Structure provides the framework for organizational activities and the management. Organization structure can be described as a framework that delegates responsibilities, working roles and relationship, and channel of communication. Organization structure is a framework which discusses the needs of a project to be successful in organizing. This framework is established at the outset and must be well understood by all concern otherwise it will be impossible to make important decision makings. Too many projects have set out with no clear idea of who the customer is and who is empowered to take these important decisions, and a project which starts in this way is bound to encounter severe difficulties along the way even if it does not end in total disaster. 1.1 IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Organization chart contains of functions, responsibilities, authorities, relationships, and communications of individuals of employees and management within each department. The typical depiction of structure is the organization chart. The formalized organizational chart was been formed since 1854, by Daniel McCallum, who used organization structure to create a sense of standardized flow of departments and positions that are align with respective individuals skills and knowledge, As result, the organization chart formed a clear line that showed the authority of supervisors as well as the communication flow available for the subordinates to their immediate supervisors. Having an organization structure is for purpose of being organized is to achieve goals and objectives by fully utilizing available resources. Being organized is the process by which the work is divided among departments and employees, and these department and jobs are linked together to form a unified system. It shows the organization design of the company. This organizational design also shows the chart of the company. Also, included the work specialization, chain of command, span of control, degree of centralization, and not forgetting the departmentalization of an organization. 1.2 TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE There are four types of organization structure which are at common that any organization would use for their company. The four structures consist of Entrepreneurial structure, Functional structure, Matrix structure and Divisional structure. First of all, the entrepreneurial organization structure is an adapting structure which brings activities of management and process that are related to gaining profitability upon specific opportunities. This structure hold strong management process accordingly in order to gain necessary speed, agility and creativity to utilize opportunities. An example of an entrepreneurial organization structure is as the chart below: From the entrepreneurial structure, it is clearly understood that departments are diversified at wide range where the link between departments are several and each top management departments resembles other sub-departments that lay under them for example like the operation department which holds warehouse logistics department and quality assurance department. Secondly is the functional structure where an efficient work flow depends on the integration of various tasks within the organization. Most firms use this basic approach in structuring their organizations. The functional approach is straightforward and usually effective in practice. Functional Structure are usually best and more suitable for either medium or small sized businesses that don ¿Ã‚ ½t have wide range of products or production requirements. The functional structure works best for organizations who offers products or services that are solitary. Below shows the illustration of a functional structure: From the diagram illustrating the functional organization structure, Functional structure can be described as an organization structure which hold minimum departmental sections and are not complicated with linking each top management departments with more sub-departmental divisions relating to the respective departments. This type of structure is best applicable by organizations that consists small number of organization members. The third type of organization structure known as the Matrix structure is often used for short periods to solve a problem or complete a project. It can be a permanent arrangement in business where work is assigned by project, cutting across functional departments. In this structure, people have more than one boss. Divisional structure is basically a kind of an organizational structure that is characterized by divisions inside an organization. Divisions are made to facilitate large sized organization that are either manufacturing more than one product or operating in more than one market or in geographic area. 1.3 WHAT IS  ¿Ã‚ ½EVENT MANAGEMENT ¿Ã‚ ½ Event management can be defined as a management that are formed to plan an event and carry out their plan into actions and succeed in the event as an outcome. Generally, event management is a set of project team formed to create and develop festivals and events. It is known as the practice of integration of communicating and handling events. Event management is a growing industry with exciting very much unique career opportunity for those who are in passion to work as planning and organizing of events. Despite event management being an organization by itself, event management also exist in every organization but are not as similar as event management company as other organization event management groups are formed as temporary to organize events like family day, annual dinner and others that only involves the organization members, however event management companies organizes events that would enable a huge amount of participation by anyone concern. 1.4 COMPANY INTRODUCTION NS event management ptd.ltd is an event management company that is established for the concerns of charity where we plan, prepare and produce events that are organized to help those in needs and unfortunates. Our organization vision is to bring awareness to the society on their responsibility in helping those in charity. The mission of this organization is to carry out events that would raise funds to contribute to many charity homes that are based around Malaysia. Our organization organizes small events like concerts, sports, campaign and carnivals like selling donated goods which can also be called as charity sales. Currently, our company is working on organizing an annual dinner which is named as  ¿Ã‚ ½Charity Nite ¿Ã‚ ½, to raise funds to contribute to charity homes that are based in Johor Bahru. We planned this Charity Nite to gather people to bring unity among people not forgetting the unfortunates. Despite, this event is also planned to ensure that the public are aware of charity homes in Johor Bahru to ease them giving their help and support to ensure the unfortunates are not neglected by us. Therefore, as an outcome from this event we would love to at least be able to provide the charity homes contributions on their daily needs in term of food, drinks and other daily necessary items. Our event management representatives according to plan are arranged in order with departmental objectives to successfully perform the event is as the organization structure below: Event Director is a leadership board that determines and recognitions events proposed by the manager. Event director ¿Ã‚ ½s major role is as being a strong support and guiding the right direction to the service teams to function within the event management. Event director is also in responsible to ensure that the team works on time preparing all necessaries for the event and communicating with the event owner if it ¿Ã‚ ½s requested by any other industry. For the Charity Nite, the event director is responsible in ensuring that the task and job delegations are equally distributed with each and every representative attached with their own roles and responsibilities according to their skills and knowledge. However, Event director is also in responsible to correlate with the finance manager who handles the financial status of the event ensuring that the flow of cash are stable and has hold of immediate records of every transactions held as it relates public and transparency. The Event Manager holds the responsibility to plan and execute the event accordingly with his subordinates. They are often behind the scene running the event together with their teams involving in not only planning and executing the event but also brand building, marketing and communicating with relatedness to the event with strategies. Event managers are usually experts in creativity, technical and logistical elements which help the vents succeed. The event manager is involved in the event at the beginning stage till the end as they are also responsible in budget the event. For the Charity Nite, the event manager plays his/her role in all the elements of being an event manager to lead his team guiding them at every stage of action taken towards the arrangements of the event as designated by the event director. Event manager here reports the updates on the preparation of the event to the event director at every stage of improvement as well as discusses with the director when there ar e issues that are very difficult to be tackled and needs suggestions and ideas. Program Coordinators is the department formed to handle the issues related to the event which includes publishing ¿Ã‚ ½s of the event, ceremonies that would take place for the event, as well as entries for the hall for the arrangement of tables and area for the people participating as well as preparations for the sittings and registrations. This department is formed to be involved and be responsible for the venue of the event where they are in task of ensuring that everything runs safe and sound during and before the event from practice of performance to preparation of equipments for the hall. For the Charity Nite event, the program coordinators are in responsible in handing the performance which are either searched and selected by them or gained by the sponsorship department for artists or famous people to perform for the fund raising and arrange dates for practices. Therefore, the program coordinators are responsible to ensure that the event programs are well arranged and publish ing the event to the public are done widely. Sponsorship Coordinators is the department that consist a few members who would look for funds which can be either monetary or in other tangible useful items like vouchers, daily necessary things, grocery and many more. This department needs of a lot of teamwork whereas at times, it would be helped by other departments. For the event of Charity Nite, the sponsorship coordinators are in responsible to persuade businesses, organizations and publics who are affordable to give in any sort of funds and support to successfully running the event. Therefore, the department is also responsible to acknowledge the sponsors by giving in return marketing tools by advertising their organization or using media to address them as for their whole-hearted supported for the charity. Sales and Ticketing Coordinators is department that are delegated the responsibility of making sales and promoting the event through selling of tickets or doing sales of items which are donated. This department also is in responsible of generating funds like the sponsorship department to accommodate the expenses that occurs during the organizing of the event. For the Charity Nite, the sales and ticketing coordinators makes sales through selling off the tickets for the hall entrance to the public and organizations. However, this department also requires marketing skills and persuading skills like the sponsorship departments, as they are in need to first gain the trust of the public in order to ensure that they are able to sell their tickets and promote the event with huge number of participants involving for the event. Official Coordinators is the department formed to handle documents and official letters similar to a secretarial job responsibility. Besides that, they are also responsible in getting marshals, umpires or master of ceremonies like guest of honors for an event. For Charity Nite, the official coordinators are in responsible to prepare documents that are important for sponsorships as well as program coordinators in term of the official letter requesting for sponsors, letters of performance entry, and also other official letters and documents. Despite, the official coordinators are also responsible to send invitations to guest of honors to successfully brighten the event on the day. Moreover, official department merges with others department documental works and files up the documents to be able to deliver its updating status to the event manager who can use it to ease him/her in explaining the updates about the event to the event director. 1.5 CONCLUSION From the researches that have been carried out, the writer thinks that functional structure is the best structures for my event that is Charity Night 2011. This is because most of the firms use this approach in structuring their organizations. This is because the approach is straightforward and usually effective in practice. We chose this structure is because it minimizes duplication in an organization. This is because the top manager will give the order and direction to the employees so there is no chance to be the same outcome even though similar tasks are given. Basically, the functional structure offers a way to centralize decision making and provide unified direction from the top. Likewise how it has strengths it also has the weaknesses. The weaknesses are the lesser interaction between the other departments and people belonging to other departments. This can be overcome by having a general meeting once in a week or have small breakfast or tea time after a long time working in tension. Apart from that, another weakness are because of the functions are separate from one another, employees a may have little understanding of and concern for the specialty areas outside their own functional area. These problems can be overcome by having a small consultation time every week in an organization. Through this employees can speak out their inconvenience or what they are not happy with other employees or with the tasks, managers or anything. Another weakness are functional structure has rigid and separate chains of command response time to changes in the environment may be slow. Managers in a functional structure also become focused on their functional area, both long and short range. This can be overcome by ¿Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Another weakness, employees become isolated. This is because ¿Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Can be overcome by ¿Ã‚ ½ One of the most serious weaknesses are occur when members of functional departments become overspecialized, develop self centre, narrow viewpoints, and lose the total system perspective. This can be overcome by ¿Ã‚ ½.. Another disadvantage is problems are pushed around and also often slows decision making. This is because all the problems must be referred up the hierarchy for resolution. This can be avoid by appoint a manager for each of the department to make a decisions when the top managers are not around.